Mixed pixels
Remote sensing image sensor collect energy, which is sampled on to a grid of pixel data.
Given the heterogeneity of the surface of the earth and the objects we wish to analyse and identify, it is rare that a single object will match exactly to our grid of pixels in the data.
These images below illustrate this. The first image is showing a whale, with the equivalent image pixel grid overlaid. The second image shows that only a handful are pure whale pixels (dark blue), with the remainder being mixed pixels.
It is important to consider the presence of mixed pixels when conducting spectral analysis.
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